Program Listing for File SpatialVector.h

Program Listing for File SpatialVector.h#

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/**
 * @file
 * @brief Contains the declarations for the SpatialVector class.
 */

#pragma once

#include "Karana/Math/Defs.h"
#include <boost/type_traits/integral_constant.hpp>

namespace Karana::Math {
    // Accepts expressions that could represent an N-by-1 column vector.
    template <typename Derived, Eigen::Index N>
    concept CompatibleEigenColumnVector =
        (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == N or Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) and
        (Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == 1 or Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic);

    /**
     * @class SpatialVector
     * @brief Represents a 6D spatial vector, split into angular (w) and linear (v) components.
     *
     * See \sref{spatial_notation_sec} section for more discussion on
     * spatial notation.
     */
    class SpatialVector {
        // Constructors
      public:
        /**
         * @brief Construct initialized to zero.
         */
        SpatialVector();

        /**
         * @brief Construct using a 6 vector. The first 3 components will be put into w and
         * the last 3 components will be put into v.
         *
         * @tparam Derived The derived Eigen type.
         * @param sv The Eigen expression to copy into the SpatialVector.
         *           This should be a 6-element vector.
         */
        template <typename Derived>
            requires CompatibleEigenColumnVector<Derived, 6>
        explicit SpatialVector(const Eigen::MatrixBase<Derived> &sv) {
            // Validate only dimensions that were not established at compile time.
            if constexpr (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic ||
                          Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) {
                if (sv.rows() != 6 || sv.cols() != 1) {
                    throw std::invalid_argument("SpatialVector requires a 6x1 vector");
                }
            }

            _v = sv;
        }

        /**
         * @brief Construct using two 3-element vectors. The first will become w and the
         * second will become v.
         *
         * @tparam WDerived The derived eigen type for w.
         * @tparam VDerived The derived eigen type for v.
         * @param w Angular portion of the spatial vector.
         * @param v Linear portion of the spatial vector.
         */
        template <typename WDerived, typename VDerived>
            requires CompatibleEigenColumnVector<WDerived, 3> &&
                     CompatibleEigenColumnVector<VDerived, 3>
        explicit SpatialVector(const Eigen::MatrixBase<WDerived> &w,
                               const Eigen::MatrixBase<VDerived> &v) {
            // Validate the angular expression only when it has dynamic dimensions.
            if constexpr (WDerived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic ||
                          WDerived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) {
                if (w.rows() != 3 || w.cols() != 1) {
                    throw std::invalid_argument(
                        "SpatialVector angular component requires a 3x1 vector");
                }
            }

            // Validate the linear expression only when it has dynamic dimensions.
            if constexpr (VDerived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic ||
                          VDerived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) {
                if (v.rows() != 3 || v.cols() != 1) {
                    throw std::invalid_argument(
                        "SpatialVector linear component requires a 3x1 vector");
                }
            }

            // Evaluate each expression directly into its corresponding component.
            _v.template head<3>() = w;
            _v.template tail<3>() = v;
        }

        // Copy and move operations
      public:
        /**
         * @brief Copy constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to copy from.
         */
        SpatialVector(const SpatialVector &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to assign from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVector &operator=(const SpatialVector &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @tparam Derived The derived Eigen type.
         * @param expression The Eigen expression to copy into the SpatialVector.
         * @return A reference to this SpatialVector.
         */
        template <class Derived>
            requires(
                (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == 6 || Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) &&
                (Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == 1 || Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic))
        SpatialVector &operator=(const Eigen::MatrixBase<Derived> &expression) {
            // Assign the expression directly without creating an intermediate Vec6.
            _v = expression;
            return *this;
        }

        /**
         * @brief Move constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to move from.
         */
        SpatialVector(SpatialVector &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Move assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to move from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVector &operator=(SpatialVector &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Return object type as a string.
         *
         * @return String "SpatialVector".
         */
        std::string_view typeString() const;

        /**
         * @brief Dump the object as a formatted string.
         *
         * @param prefix Optional prefix for each line.
         * @param precision Number of digits to use for floating point values.
         * @param format_type The format type to use.
         * @param skip_new_line If true, do not add a new line at the end
         * @return Formatted string representation.
         */
        std::string dumpString(std::string_view prefix = "",
                               unsigned int precision = 10,
                               DumpFormatType format_type = DumpFormatType::DEFAULT_FLOAT,
                               bool skip_new_line = false) const;

        /**
         * @brief Write dumpString to std::cout.
         *
         * @param prefix Optional prefix for each line.
         * @param precision Number of digits to use for floating point values.
         * @param format_type The format type to use.
         */
        void dump(std::string_view prefix = "",
                  unsigned int precision = 10,
                  DumpFormatType format_type = DumpFormatType::DEFAULT_FLOAT) const;

        /**
         * @brief Return true if the spatial vector is zero.
         *
         * @param prec Tolerance to use when comparing with zero.
         * @return True if both angular and linear components are zero.
         */
        bool isZero(double prec = MATH_EPSILON) const;

        /**
         * @brief Zero out the spatial vector's values.
         */
        void setZero();

        /**
         * @brief Mark the spatial vector as not ready.
         */
        void makeNotReady();

        /**
         * @brief Check if the spatial vector is initialized.
         *
         * @return True if both angular and linear components are initialized.
         */
        bool isReady() const;

        /**
         * @brief noalias method to avoid Eigen temporary objects when possible.
         *
         * @return The noalias of the underlying km::Vec6
         */
        [[nodiscard]] decltype(auto) noalias() noexcept { return _v.noalias(); }

        // Operators
      public:
        /**
         * @brief Equality operator.
         *
         * @param other Another SpatialVector to compare with.
         * @return True if both components are equal.
         */
        bool operator==(const SpatialVector &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief Scalar multiplication.
         *
         * @param scale Scalar value to multiply by.
         * @return Scaled SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector operator*(double scale) const;

        /**
         * @brief Dot product with another spatial vector.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to compute the dot product with.
         * @return Dot product result.
         */
        double operator*(const SpatialVector &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief Component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to add to this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector sum.
         */
        SpatialVector operator+(const SpatialVector &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to add to this one in-place.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVector &operator+=(const SpatialVector &other);

        /**
         * @brief Negation operator.
         *
         * @return Negated SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector operator-() const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract another SpatialVector.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to subtract from this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector operator-(const SpatialVector &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place subtraction.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to subtract from this one.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVector &operator-=(const SpatialVector &other);

        /**
         * @brief Add a Vec6 to this spatial vector.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D vector to add to this SpatialVector.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector operator+(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract a Vec6 from this spatial vector.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D vector to subtract from this SpatialVector.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector operator-(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        // SpatialVector methods
      public:
        /**
         * @brief Check if another spatial vector is approximately equal within precision.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to compare to this one.
         * @param prec Precision tolerance.
         * @return True if approximately equal.
         */
        bool isApprox(const SpatialVector &other, double prec = MATH_EPSILON) const;

        /**
         * @brief Get the angular portion of the spatial vector.
         *
         * @return Const reference to angular vector.
         */
        Eigen::VectorBlock<const Vec6, 3> getw() const noexcept { return _v.head<3>(); }

        /**
         * @brief Set the angular portion of the spatial vector.
         *
         * @param w New angular vector.
         */
        void setw(const Vec3 &w) { _v.head<3>() = w; }

        /**
         * @brief Get the linear portion of the spatial vector.
         *
         * @return Const reference to linear vector.
         */
        Eigen::VectorBlock<const Vec6, 3> getv() const noexcept { return _v.tail<3>(); }

        /**
         * @brief Set the linear portion of the spatial vector.
         *
         * @param v New linear vector.
         */
        void setv(const Vec3 &v) { _v.tail<3>() = v; }

        /**
         * @brief Convert to a 6-vector by combining the w and v parts as [w;v].
         *
         * @return Combined 6D vector.
         */
        const Vec6 &toVector6() const noexcept { return _v; }

        /**
         * @brief Convert to a 6-vector by combining the w and v parts as [w;v].
         *
         * @return Combined 6D vector.
         */
        Vec6 &toVector6() noexcept { return _v; }

        /**
         * @brief Compute 6-D cross product with another spatial vector.
         *
         * \f[
         *  A \times B = \tilde A  B = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\ 0 & \tilde A_w
         * \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix}
         *  \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to compute the cross product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector cross(const SpatialVector &other);

        /**
         * @brief Compute 6-D cross product with another spatial vector.
         *
         * \f[
         *  \tilde A   = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & 0 \\ \tilde A_v & \tilde A_w
         * \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix}
         *  \f]
         *
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        Mat66 tilde() const;

        /**
         * @brief Compute the bar product with another spatial vector.
         *
         * \f[ \bar A B = - {\tilde A}^* B  = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\  0  &
         * \tilde A_w \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix} \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVector to compute the bar product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector barprod(const SpatialVector &other);

        /**
         * @brief Multiply from the vector from left with a matrix, i.e v * mat.
         *
         * @param mat Matrix to multiply.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVector.
         */
        SpatialVector multiplyFromLeft(const Mat66 &mat) const;

      protected:
        /// The 6 element spatial vector
        Vec6 _v;
    };

    /**
     * @class SpatialVelocity
     * @brief A velocity SpatialVector.
     */
    class SpatialVelocity : public SpatialVector {
      public:
        using SpatialVector::SpatialVector;

        /**
         * @brief Copy constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to copy from.
         */
        SpatialVelocity(const SpatialVelocity &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to assign from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVelocity &operator=(const SpatialVelocity &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @tparam Derived The derived Eigen type.
         * @param expression The Eigen expression to copy into the SpatialVelocity.
         * @return A reference to this SpatialVelocity.
         */
        template <class Derived>
            requires(
                (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == 6 || Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) &&
                (Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == 1 || Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic))
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialVelocity &operator=(const Eigen::MatrixBase<Derived> &expression) {
            // Assign the expression directly without creating an intermediate Vec6.
            _v = expression;
            return *this;
        }

        /**
         * @brief Move constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to move from.
         */
        SpatialVelocity(SpatialVelocity &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Move assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to move from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVelocity &operator=(SpatialVelocity &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Scalar multiplication.
         *
         * @param scale Scalar value to multiply by.
         * @return Scaled SpatialVelocity.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialVelocity operator*(double scale) const;

        /**
         * @brief Component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to add to this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity sum.
         */
        SpatialVelocity operator+(const SpatialVelocity &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to add to this one in-place.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVelocity &operator+=(const SpatialVelocity &other);

        /**
         * @brief Negation operator.
         *
         * @return Negated SpatialVelocity.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialVelocity operator-() const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract another SpatialVelocity.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to subtract from this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity.
         */
        SpatialVelocity operator-(const SpatialVelocity &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place subtraction.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to subtract from this one.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialVelocity &operator-=(const SpatialVelocity &other);

        /**
         * @brief Add a Vec6 to this spatial velocity.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D velocity to add to this SpatialVelocity.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialVelocity operator+(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract a Vec6 from this spatial velocity.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D velocity to subtract from this SpatialVelocity.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialVelocity operator-(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Compute 6-D cross product with another spatial velocity.
         *
         * \f[
         *  A \times B = \tilde A  B = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\ 0 & \tilde A_w
         * \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix}
         *  \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to compute the cross product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity.
         */
        SpatialVelocity cross(const SpatialVelocity &other);

        /**
         * @brief Compute the bar product with another spatial velocity.
         *
         * \f[ \bar A B = - {\tilde A}^* B  = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\  0  &
         * \tilde A_w \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix} \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialVelocity to compute the bar product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity.
         */
        SpatialVelocity barprod(const SpatialVelocity &other);

        /**
         * @brief Multiply the velocity from left with a matrix, i.e v * mat.
         *
         * @param mat Matrix to multiply.
         * @return Resulting SpatialVelocity.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialVelocity multiplyFromLeft(const Mat66 &mat) const;
    };

    /**
     * @class SpatialAcceleration
     * @brief A velocity SpatialVector.
     */
    class SpatialAcceleration : public SpatialVector {
      public:
        using SpatialVector::SpatialVector;

        /**
         * @brief Copy constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to copy from.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration(const SpatialAcceleration &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to assign from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration &operator=(const SpatialAcceleration &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @tparam Derived The derived Eigen type.
         * @param expression The Eigen expression to copy into the SpatialAcceleration.
         * @return A reference to this SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        template <class Derived>
            requires(
                (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == 6 || Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) &&
                (Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == 1 || Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic))
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialAcceleration &operator=(const Eigen::MatrixBase<Derived> &expression) {
            // Assign the expression directly without creating an intermediate Vec6.
            _v = expression;
            return *this;
        }

        /**
         * @brief Move constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to move from.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration(SpatialAcceleration &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Move assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to move from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration &operator=(SpatialAcceleration &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Scalar multiplication.
         *
         * @param scale Scalar value to multiply by.
         * @return Scaled SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialAcceleration operator*(double scale) const;

        /**
         * @brief Component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to add to this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration sum.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration operator+(const SpatialAcceleration &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to add to this one in-place.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration &operator+=(const SpatialAcceleration &other);

        /**
         * @brief Negation operator.
         *
         * @return Negated SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialAcceleration operator-() const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract another SpatialAcceleration.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to subtract from this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration operator-(const SpatialAcceleration &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place subtraction.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to subtract from this one.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration &operator-=(const SpatialAcceleration &other);

        /**
         * @brief Add a Vec6 to this spatial acceleration.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D acceleration to add to this SpatialAcceleration.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialAcceleration operator+(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract a Vec6 from this spatial acceleration.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D acceleration to subtract from this SpatialAcceleration.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialAcceleration operator-(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Compute 6-D cross product with another spatial acceleration.
         *
         * \f[
         *  A \times B = \tilde A  B = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\ 0 & \tilde A_w
         * \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix}
         *  \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to compute the cross product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration cross(const SpatialAcceleration &other);

        /**
         * @brief Compute the bar product with another spatial acceleration.
         *
         * \f[ \bar A B = - {\tilde A}^* B  = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\  0  &
         * \tilde A_w \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix} \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialAcceleration to compute the bar product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        SpatialAcceleration barprod(const SpatialAcceleration &other);

        /**
         * @brief Multiply the acceleration from left with a matrix, i.e v * mat.
         *
         * @param mat Matrix to multiply.
         * @return Resulting SpatialAcceleration.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialAcceleration multiplyFromLeft(const Mat66 &mat) const;
    };

    /**
     * @class SpatialForce
     * @brief A force SpatialVector.
     */
    class SpatialForce : public SpatialVector {
      public:
        using SpatialVector::SpatialVector;

        /**
         * @brief Copy constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to copy from.
         */
        SpatialForce(const SpatialForce &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to assign from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialForce &operator=(const SpatialForce &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @tparam Derived The derived Eigen type.
         * @param expression The Eigen expression to copy into the SpatialForce.
         * @return A reference to this SpatialForce.
         */
        template <class Derived>
            requires(
                (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == 6 || Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) &&
                (Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == 1 || Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic))
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialForce &operator=(const Eigen::MatrixBase<Derived> &expression) {
            // Assign the expression directly without creating an intermediate Vec6.
            _v = expression;
            return *this;
        }

        /**
         * @brief Move constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to move from.
         */
        SpatialForce(SpatialForce &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Move assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to move from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialForce &operator=(SpatialForce &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Scalar multiplication.
         *
         * @param scale Scalar value to multiply by.
         * @return Scaled SpatialForce.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialForce operator*(double scale) const;

        /**
         * @brief Component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to add to this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce sum.
         */
        SpatialForce operator+(const SpatialForce &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to add to this one in-place.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialForce &operator+=(const SpatialForce &other);

        /**
         * @brief Negation operator.
         *
         * @return Negated SpatialForce.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialForce operator-() const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract another SpatialForce.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to subtract from this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce.
         */
        SpatialForce operator-(const SpatialForce &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place subtraction.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to subtract from this one.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialForce &operator-=(const SpatialForce &other);

        /**
         * @brief Add a Vec6 to this spatial force.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D force to add to this SpatialForce.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialForce operator+(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract a Vec6 from this spatial force.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D force to subtract from this SpatialForce.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialForce operator-(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Compute 6-D cross product with another spatial force.
         *
         * \f[
         *  A \times B = \tilde A  B = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\ 0 & \tilde A_w
         * \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix}
         *  \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to compute the cross product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce.
         */
        SpatialForce cross(const SpatialForce &other);

        /**
         * @brief Compute the bar product with another spatial force.
         *
         * \f[ \bar A B = - {\tilde A}^* B  = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\  0  &
         * \tilde A_w \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix} \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialForce to compute the bar product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce.
         */
        SpatialForce barprod(const SpatialForce &other);

        /**
         * @brief Multiply the force from left with a matrix, i.e v * mat.
         *
         * @param mat Matrix to multiply.
         * @return Resulting SpatialForce.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialForce multiplyFromLeft(const Mat66 &mat) const;
    };

    /**
     * @class SpatialMomentum
     * @brief A momentum SpatialVector.
     */
    class SpatialMomentum : public SpatialVector {
      public:
        using SpatialVector::SpatialVector;

        /**
         * @brief Copy constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to copy from.
         */
        SpatialMomentum(const SpatialMomentum &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to assign from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialMomentum &operator=(const SpatialMomentum &other);

        /**
         * @brief Copy assignment operator.
         *
         * @tparam Derived The derived Eigen type.
         * @param expression The Eigen expression to copy into the SpatialMomentum.
         * @return A reference to this SpatialMomentum.
         */
        template <class Derived>
            requires(
                (Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == 6 || Derived::RowsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic) &&
                (Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == 1 || Derived::ColsAtCompileTime == Eigen::Dynamic))
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialMomentum &operator=(const Eigen::MatrixBase<Derived> &expression) {
            // Assign the expression directly without creating an intermediate Vec6.
            _v = expression;
            return *this;
        }

        /**
         * @brief Move constructor.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to move from.
         */
        SpatialMomentum(SpatialMomentum &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Move assignment operator.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to move from.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialMomentum &operator=(SpatialMomentum &&other) noexcept;

        /**
         * @brief Scalar multiplication.
         *
         * @param scale Scalar value to multiply by.
         * @return Scaled SpatialMomentum.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialMomentum operator*(double scale) const;

        /**
         * @brief Component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to add to this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum sum.
         */
        SpatialMomentum operator+(const SpatialMomentum &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place component-wise addition.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to add to this one in-place.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialMomentum &operator+=(const SpatialMomentum &other);

        /**
         * @brief Negation operator.
         *
         * @return Negated SpatialMomentum.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialMomentum operator-() const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract another SpatialMomentum.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to subtract from this one.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum.
         */
        SpatialMomentum operator-(const SpatialMomentum &other) const;

        /**
         * @brief In-place subtraction.
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to subtract from this one.
         * @return Reference to this object.
         */
        SpatialMomentum &operator-=(const SpatialMomentum &other);

        /**
         * @brief Add a Vec6 to this spatial momentum.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D momentum to add to this SpatialMomentum.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialMomentum operator+(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Subtract a Vec6 from this spatial momentum.
         *
         * @param vec The 6D momentum to subtract from this SpatialMomentum.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialMomentum operator-(const Vec6 &vec) const;

        /**
         * @brief Compute 6-D cross product with another spatial momentum.
         *
         * \f[
         *  A \times B = \tilde A  B = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\ 0 & \tilde A_w
         * \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix}
         *  \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to compute the cross product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum.
         */
        SpatialMomentum cross(const SpatialMomentum &other);

        /**
         * @brief Compute the bar product with another spatial momentum.
         *
         * \f[ \bar A B = - {\tilde A}^* B  = \begin{bmatrix} \tilde A_w & \tilde A_v \\  0  &
         * \tilde A_w \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} B_w \\ B_v \end{bmatrix} \f]
         *
         * @param other The SpatialMomentum to compute the bar product with.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum.
         */
        SpatialMomentum barprod(const SpatialMomentum &other);

        /**
         * @brief Multiply the momentum from left with a matrix, i.e v * mat.
         *
         * @param mat Matrix to multiply.
         * @return Resulting SpatialMomentum.
         */
        // Adding suppression, as CodeChecker complains this method has the same name as a method in
        // SpatialVector. This is just a CodeChecker false positive.
        // codechecker_suppress [cppcheck-duplInheritedMember]
        SpatialMomentum multiplyFromLeft(const Mat66 &mat) const;
    };
} // namespace Karana::Math